‘Harvard Thinking’: Plastics are everywhere, even in our bodies
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世界面臨塑膠問題。不可生物降解的塑膠不僅堵塞海洋和垃圾掩埋場,而且還侵入我們的身體。
「攝取是主要的接觸途徑,我們每週消耗約 5 克微奈米塑膠;這相當於一張信用卡。
維斯研究所創始所長、醫學院和工程學院教授唐·英格伯 (Don Ingber) 表示,我們正「淹沒」在塑膠接觸中。從我們穿的化纖衣服到野火煙霧,我們幾乎不可能逃脫。我們的身體無法完全分解塑膠。這尤其令人擔憂,因為研究發現幾乎每個身體器官都含有塑膠。
英格貝爾說:“這些顆粒……就是我們所說的持續釋放載體,這意味著它們只是坐在那裡,每天都會釋放一點點,直到腸道或其他器官中這些細胞的餘生。” “這使得[他們]更加危險。”
公共衛生學院環境衛生系的研究科學家瑪麗約翰遜表示,需要更多的研究來找出誰的暴露風險最高。但所有消費者都應該盡量減少塑膠的使用——從他們的穿著、家居佈置到準備食物的方式——直到找到更好的、可生物降解的替代品。
「身為消費者,我覺得我已經等不及了;我想盡量減少自己的暴露,」約翰遜說。
在本集中,主持人 Samantha Laine Perfas 與 Demokritou、Ingber 和 Johnson 討論了塑膠的流行以及應對措施。
The world has a plastic problem. Not only are nonbiodegradable plastics clogging oceans and landfills, but they’re also invading our bodies.
“Ingestion is the primary route of exposure, and we are consuming about 5 grams of micronanoplastics per week; that’s the equivalent of a credit card,” said Philip Demokritou, the founding director of the Environmental Health Nanoscience Laboratory and the Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology at the School of Public Health.
We’re “drowning” in plastic exposure, according to Don Ingber, the founding director of the Wyss Institute and a professor both in the Medical School and School of Engineering. From the synthetic clothes we wear to wildfire smoke, it’s nearly impossible to escape. And our bodies can’t fully break plastics down. This is especially alarming as research has found plastic in nearly every bodily organ.
“These particles … are what we call sustained release vehicles, meaning they’re just sitting there, and every day they’re releasing a little bit for the rest of the lifetime of those cells in your gut or other organs,” Ingber said. “That makes [them] even more dangerous.”
Mary Johnson, a research scientist in the Environmental Health Department of the School of Public Health, said more research is needed to figure out who is at the highest risk of exposure. But all consumers should be trying to minimize their use of plastics — from what they wear to how they furnish their homes to how they prepare food — until better, biodegradable alternatives can be found.
“As a consumer I feel like I can’t wait; I want to minimize my own exposure,” Johnson said.
In this episode, host Samantha Laine Perfas speaks with Demokritou, Ingber, and Johnson about the prevalence of plastic — and what to do about it.