Report slams response to nuclear crisis

2011年12月28日 13:48 PM
日本公佈福島核事故調查中期報告
Report slams response to nuclear crisis
英國《金融時報》 中本美智代東京報導


The operator of the Fukushima nuclear power plant and its regulators all failed in their duty to adequately prepare for and respond promptly to a major emergency, contributing to the worst nuclear accident in a quarter century, according to a committee investigating the disaster.


調查日本核事故的委員會表示，福島第一核電站(Fukushima Daiichi)運營商及其監管機構均未能履行自己的職責，沒有為重大突發事件做好充足準備並迅速作出回應，從而導致了25年來最嚴重的核事故。

Tokyo Electric Power, the operator of the Fukushima plant, and its regulators were so unprepared for a major nuclear emergency that they lacked even the basic safety measures to respond to a disaster of the scale that hit Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in the wake of the March 11 tsunami, the committee states in an interim report of its findings.


該委員會在其發布的中期調查報告中表示，福島第一核電站運營商東京電力公司(Tokyo Electric Power)及其監管機構完全沒有為應對一場突發的重大核事故做好準備，以致於在今年3月11日海嘯之後，他們甚至沒有對福島第一核電站發生的巨大災難採取基本的安全措施。

Tepco's off-site emergency response headquarters for example, was housed in a building that “was not designed to withstand elevated radiation levels, although it was intended for use in nuclear emergencies”, and did not even have air cleaning filters, it says.


該委員會稱，例如，東京電力公司的遠程應急總部所在的大樓“在最初設計時沒有考慮抵禦增強的輻射水平，儘管他們打算在發生核事故時啟用這些設施”，他們甚至沒有空氣淨化過濾器。

“Tepco did not take precautionary measures in anticipation that a severe accident could be caused by tsunami such as the one (that hit Fukushima Daiichi) … Neither did the regulatory authorities,” the committee states in its report.


委員會在報告中表示：“東電沒有預計到（重創第一核電站的）海嘯可能造成嚴重事故，因此沒有採取預防措施……監管機構也是如此。”

The committee of 10 independent experts, which was commissioned by the government, also cites insufficient information gathering and poor communication among those in the government, the regulators and at Tepco as major factors that worsened the situation.


由10位獨立專家組成的委員會是接受政府委託進行調查的。該委員會還認為信息收集不充分，政府、監管機構和東電內部溝通不暢是造成局勢惡化的主要因素。

The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, following the March 11 earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan's northeastern coast, led to explosions at three reactors and the release of high levels of radioactivity into the atmosphere and ocean.


今年3月11日，日本東北海岸地區發生了地震和海嘯，此後發生的福島第一核電站的核事故導致三座核反應堆發生爆炸，並向大氣和海洋釋放了高濃度的核輻射。

An area of​​ up to 20km from the site has been closed off, more than 110,000 people have been forced to evacuate their homes and concerns about radioactive contamination plague farmers, fishermen and consumers alike.


距事故發生地至多20公里的區域被封鎖，逾11萬人被迫撤離家園，農民、漁民和消費者擔心受到核輻射的污染。

It comes as the utility faces the prospect of nationalisation, to prevent bankruptcy, as the costs of compensating victims and decommissioning the damaged power plants threaten to increase liabilities in excess of assets.


委員會發布調查報告之際，東電為補償受害者和停運受損核電站而發生的成本有可能導致負債超過資產。為防止破產，該公司正面臨被國有化的前景。

The committee, which is set to continue its investigation until next summer, concludes that Japan's nuclear disaster prevention programme “had serious shortfalls” and calls for a “paradigm shift” in the country's approach to disaster prevention.


委員會將在明年夏季完成最終調查。它得出結論稱，日本的預防核災難方案“存在嚴重缺陷”，該國應“根本轉變”其預防災難的方式。



譯者/何黎