《放下對口罩的執著》
我戴著房東送的透氣的N95登機
驚訝的問著空服員為何你們都不戴口罩 事後旁邊的加拿大人 說他是服務公衛部門 耐心的跟我解釋不必戴口罩的理由 他說機艙的空氣20分鐘循環一次 口罩的有效性也是20分鐘 20分鐘後其實是自己體內的病毒在對流循環 勤洗手不要亂摸才是關鍵 我覺得有道理決定跟他站在同一國 繼續看著屏住呼吸的寄生蟲 不愧是奧斯卡贏家 --- 關於防疫，為何勤洗手比戴口罩還要重要？道理很簡單： 病毒在空氣中停留的時間短(噴出後數秒、數分後便沉降) 在物体表面停留的時間長(數天內都有感染力) 面膜的使用 該大學沒有提供口罩，也沒有發布鼓勵人們戴口罩的指導。 不需要或不建議戴口罩，因為沒有證據表明它們可以保護非病患者。 這與CDC和WHO的當前指南保持一致。 學生，教職員工和教職員工可以自行決定是否購買和佩戴口罩。 USE OF MASKS
The university is not providing masks and has not issued guidance encouraging people to wear them. A mask is not required or recommended, as there is no evidence available to suggest that they protect non-sick persons. This aligns with current CDC and WHO guidance. Students, staff, and faculty may use their discretion to obtain and wear masks if they choose.
https://hub.jhu.edu/novel-coronavirus-information/Bloomberg 和 Bloomberg Asia 都分享了 1 條連結。
(1) 很難藉由隔離來阻絕所有的感染
(2) 但是現在好好做防護可以減緩大爆發與大流行(簡單講就是降低病毒在活體複製與突變的機會) (3) 不要吃野味 (4) 這是一個飛沫和體液接觸都能感染的病毒 (5) 洗手比口罩重要，不要搶口罩 (6) 在室外有風吹不要緊張 (7) 就算疫情擋不住，還是洗手最重要 (8) 小朋友在家沒事做父母就是教他要有洗手的習慣 戴口罩有用嗎？ 台灣疾病控制中心上週表示，健康人士不需要佩戴口罩，除非在前往醫院時。香港特首林鄭月娥週二要求官員停止佩戴口罩，以幫助節省醫務人員所需。 口罩有用嗎？這一看似簡單的問題答案並不簡單。專家們普遍認為，口罩在醫療機構內可以降低人們被感染的風險，但其是否能在醫療機構以外有效地保護人們的健康，目前尚無高質量的科學證據。 當病患佩戴口罩時，可以減緩疾病的蔓延，但健康人士佩戴口罩似乎並沒有什麼作用。 如今，口罩已在全球範圍內普遍出現短缺，在香港等亞洲一些城市，人們每天早晨開始排長隊，希望能買到口罩。街上和公共交通上的大多數人都戴著口罩。 絕大多數專家的共識是：為了防止新冠病毒傳播，最好的方法是勤洗手 ，以及避免用手觸摸你的臉部。 |
首先，英國一些病毒學家對戴口罩預防由空氣傳播的病毒到底多有效持懷疑態度。
但是，確實有證據顯示，戴口罩有助於防止通過由手到口的傳染源。
北大專家王月丹在接受中國媒體採訪時表示，要避免反覆使用同一個口罩。
此外，王月丹特別提到，預防此次冠狀病毒最好不用帶通氣閥的口罩，因為它可能會讓病毒在局部聚集。
最好使用防霧霾的N95口罩。但他說，即使佩戴N95口罩時，一次時間也不能超過4個小時。
如果長時間持續使用N95口罩，會造成肺部損傷，可能會引起肺氣腫之類的問題。
另外，像預防任何其他病毒一樣，保持好個人衛生最重要。英國國家醫療服務體系NHS建議人們：
- 經常用溫水和香皂洗手，最好洗20秒以上
- 盡量避免用手揉眼睛和摳鼻子
- 保持健康生活習慣
英國病毒專家表示，在醫院特定控制環境中所做的一項對比研究顯示，在預防流感方面口罩與專用防毒面具（ a purpose-made respirator）效果一樣好。
防毒面具裏有專門的空氣過濾器，用於對付空氣中有毒的顆粒。
但是，如果在外面普通人群中，口罩的效果就比較有限了，尤其是長期戴口罩本身就不是一件容易的事。
其他專家則表示，如果人們能在平時生活中注意以下個人衛生習慣可能會更為有效。
比如，在打噴嚏時捂住嘴、勤洗手等。
英國公共衛生部（Public Health England）專家鄧寧博士（Dr Jake Dunning）也說，儘管人們普遍認為戴口罩有好處，但實際上在臨牀環境之外戴口罩的好處很有限。
與此同時，他表示，還必須要知道如何正確戴口罩，經常換洗，以及安全處置那些已經廢棄不用的口罩。
鄧寧補充道，有研究顯示，人們戴口罩時間越長，就越不容易遵守有關正確戴口罩的方法。
因此，專家說，如果任何人擔心病毒傳染的話，最好的預防方法就是要做好個人衛生，特別是手的清潔衛生。
CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK
Mask sales soar despite doubts they block coronavirus
Hakugen Earth sold 4 million masks on Jan. 22
"Masks do not have a preventive effect," Satoshi Hori, Professor of Infection Control Science at Juntendo University in Tokyo, told the Nikkei Asian Review. "Wearing a mask works to help prevent patients with the virus from spreading it, as it blocks the dispersal of droplets containing the virus."
Wearing gloves won't help much either, said Professor Hori, because people wearing gloves who touch a contaminated surface such as door handles, can still spread the virus. They can also contract the virus if they touch their eyes or mouth with a gloved hand.
"Washing your hands with soap, or using rubbing alcohol, is more important and is supported by scientific evidence," he said.
Scientific evidence is one thing, but the wisdom crowds is another, with panicked consumers driving gallopping demand for surgical masks that has left manufacturers scrambling.
According to Japan's top mask maker Unicharm, in addition to making more masks at its domestic factories -- Unicharm began round-the-clock operation last week -- the company has also asked its suppliers in China to ramp up production.
Since the first case of coronavirus in Japan was confirmed, Unicharm said it has been flooded with orders for masks from drugstores and other retailers. According to the company orders temporarily topped 10 times the normal level and remained three times higher than usual through last week.
Unicharm offers a range of high-quality face masks, including "Cho-kaiteki," or super comfy, masks, which promise to be very comfortable to wear, and "Cho-rittai," or super three-dimensional, masks, which feature a "super 3D fit" that shapes to the user's face without leaving gaps, but also stops the mask from sticking to the user's mouth.
Unicharm, which plans to continue increased production levels through to the end of January, said it had also decided to increase production of alcohol wet wipes in several domestic factories in response to surging demand.
Another Japanese mask manufacturer, Kowa, which is based in Nagoya, said it had also lifted production at its domestic plants. "We can't meet demand, we are getting so many orders and production cannot catch up."
Orders for masks are also surging at cross-border e-commerce sites such as Raccoon Holdings which said that shipments of masks at "SD export," a cross-border B2B e-commerce site operated by a subsidiary, had skyrocketed by a multiple of 56 times during the first 20 days of this month.
The company attributed the explosive growth in sales to soaring demand for masks in China as consumers emptied out stock in stores in a race to protect themselves from the deadly coronavirus.
"Previously, the most popular mask products were those for kids and for use during sleep, but now demand has shifted to surgical masks," according to a Raccoon Holdings executive.
The SD export site offered 480 types of masts as of Jan. 15, but the number has declined to around 360 as many kinds have been sold out.
Since the start of January, Hong Kong accounted for some 90% of the orders for masks placed through the site, compared to 50% in January last year and around 20% in December.
Workers a factory that produces medical masks and jumpsuits in Nantong, in east China's Jiangsu province, on Jan. 27. © AP
Many of the masks purchased through the site from Hong Kong are shipped to the mainland China, the company said, while sales of other anti-virus products, including sterilization sheets, were also on the rise.
Hakugen Earth, a maker of insecticides, insect repellents and deodorants, is also basking in rising sales of masks to customers in China through cross-border e-commerce sites.
Usually, the company said, daily sales of its masks through T-Mall Global and other similar platforms numbered in the tens of thousands. But on January 22 alone Hakugen Earth sold 4 million surgical masks.
"This may be a one-shot jump, but if demand remains so strong we will have to review our supplies," a Hakugen Earth executive told Nikkei.
Sales of the company's masks at brick-and-mortar stores are also beginning to pick up, prompting wholesalers and retailers to ramp up their purchases. The spreading epidemic is also stoking demand for general-use face masks manufactured by 3M Japan.
Chinese tourists travelling to Japan for the Lunar New Year holiday, which began on Janaury 25, have also raided Japan's drugstores and convenience stores in search of high quality Japanese surgical masks, pushing up prices.
According to Nikkei's point-of-sales database, tallying sales figures at over 1,500 retail outlets across Japan, the average price of five leading mask brands has risen 2.43% compared to a year ago. Average mask prices price rose a further 1.98% to 417.1 yen on January 13 compared to the previous week.
Chow Gu, a 31-year-old tourist from Shanghai, China, snapped up 10 packets of masks soon after entering a Tomod's drugstore outlet in Tokyo's glitzy Ginza district around 9am last Friday.
"Chinese news reports were recommending wearing surgical masks," Chow told Nikkei, "and I'm going back to my hometown today, so these masks give me peace of mind."
Another Chinese traveler in her 30s picked up three or four packs at the same drugstore.
"I came here as soon as I woke up this morning because I wanted to get some for my parents and friends so I can give these to them during the Lunar New Year holiday," said the woman, who decline to give her name,
A woman in her 30s, who was here with her husband and daughter, said: "We changed our travel schedule and decided we had to go and get surgical masks because we heard masks are nearly completely out of stock where we live."
Many Chinese shoppers are picking up high-performance masks that are believed to be more effective in protecting against the virus, especially ones that comply with the "N95," particulate-filtering respirator standard set by the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
"Ninety percent of the customers who bought surgical masks were Chinese," Yuki Oya, manager of the Tomod's Ginza outlet said. "We sold 350 packs each on Thursday and Friday."
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